Early planting dates and their influence on yield of faba bean varieties (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

The field experiment that was conducted in 2025-2026 winter was conducted on the land of the farmer situated 5 km northwards of the center of Al-Muthanna Governorate, where the latitude was 45.27° W and the longitude 31.38° N. By conducting the experiment, it was established that the planting period that is selected early (September 15, October 1, and October 15) is essential for the yield of four faba bean varieties (Luz de Otono, Rama, Aguadulce and Aquadlge). The block design was completely randomised with a split-plot layout, where the main plots were for planting dates and the subplots for varieties, with replications of three. Based on the results, the third date had (10/15) the highest median values of all three plots, with the highest average counts of pods (15.34 per plant), number of seeds (4.69 seeds per pod), green pod Yield  (39.56 tonnes per hectare), total seed yield (4.99 tonnes per hectare(. According to the results of the results, some types  of broad bean have the highest mean yield of green pods (44.01 tonnes ha¹) and total seed yield (5.03 tonnes ha¹) which was obtained and have been used. The Aquadlge variety, in contrast, had the highest mean number of seeds per pod produced (4.77 seeds per pod). These planting dates and varieties had an impact on the overall production, as observed by the highest average for pod counts/plant and green pod yields of 15.70 per plant and 48.30 tonnes/ha with the combination of the 3rd date and Aguadulce.